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The Long Wall of Quang Ngai〔 ((ベトナム語:Trường lũy Quảng Ngãi)),〔 Truong luy,〔 or the Great Wall of Vietnam〔 is a rampart extending from Vietnam's Quảng Ngãi Province in the north to Binh Dinh Province in the south. It is the longest monument in Southeast Asia. ==History and purpose== According to Đại Nam thực lục ((英語:The Veritable Records of the Great South)) and other archives from the reign of Emperor Đồng Khánh, the wall was constructed in 1819 by Lê Văn Duyệt, a high-ranking mandarin,〔 under Emperor Gia Long early in the Nguyễn Dynasty.〔 The wall is considered the "greatest engineering feat" of the Nguyễn Dynasty.〔 Nguyen Tien Dong contended that the wall was constructed over 500 years ago and was adopted for military purposes during the 19th century. Nguyen Dang Vu, director of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Quảng Ngãi, said that parts of the wall in mountainous regions existed hundreds of years ago. It was possibly constructed by General Bui Ta Han (1496–1568) when he became the leader of Quảng Nam. Archaeologists have excavated ceramic relics that verify the 16th-century origin.〔 In 2005, Andrew Hardy, head of the Hanoi headquarters of École française d'Extrême-Orient, came upon a textual reference to a "Long Wall of Quang Ngai" in the "Descriptive Geography of the Emperor Dong Khanh", an 1885 Nguyễn Dynasty court document. An excavation crew was assembled; led by Hardy and archaeologist Nguyen Tien Dong of the Institute of Archaeology at the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, the team discovered the wall after five years of searching.〔 In 2009, they had uncovered the first portion of the wall in Nghĩa Hành District.〔 The wall has since been a destination of some independent explorers.〔 Experts posit that the construction of the wall was the result of the work of Nguyễn Dynasty soldiers and collaboration between the Viet and the H're minority, who seldom had peaceful relations. Residents of either side of the wall relate that the wall was erected by their forebears to prevent invasions by the opposing side. Not only did it define the territorial borders of the respective peoples, it also afforded security and furthered trade.〔 While the H're employed their expertise in rock arrangement, the Viet and the soldiers built the earthenwork. Similar rock arrangement methods have been found on Lý Sơn Island.〔 One-hundred fifteen forts are located where rivers intersect the wall, with posts for 15 to 20 guards each.〔 In these secured settings, the Viet and the H're conducted trade, the H're trading rice, cinnamon, and forest products for salt from the Viet. During the Vietnam War, armaments and food were conveyed from north to south Vietnam via portions of the wall in Đức Phổ and Hoài Ân districts, as extensions of the Ho Chi Minh trail.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Long Wall of Quảng Ngãi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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